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Shloka 13.23
उपद्रष्टानुमन्ता भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः | परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः ||१३-२३||
upadraṣṭānumantā ca bhartā bhoktā maheśvaraḥ . paramātmeti cāpyukto dehe.asminpuruṣaḥ paraḥ ||13-23||
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The Translation

“The Supreme Spirit within this body is also described as the Witness (Spectator), the Permitter, the Supporter, the Experiencer, the Great Lord, and the Supreme Self.”

Commentary & Insights

Krishna describes the true nature of the Atman residing within the physical body, listing six progressive titles that explain how consciousness relates to our daily experiences.

Practical Application
1

When a stressful thought arises today, step into the *upadraṣṭā* (witness) role: observe the thought like an umpire, without judging or reacting to it.

Reflections & Notes
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Self-Reflection Prompts
  • What does it mean to step back into the witness state (upadraṣṭā) during a busy or stressful day?
  • If the Supreme Self (Paramātmā) is right inside your body, how does this change your view of self-worth and inner divinity?

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13.23
उपद्रष्टानुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः